Washington, D.C., United States (AHN) – First-time unemployment claims dropped slightly for the week ending May 5, the United States Department of Labor said Thursday.

Some 367,000 newly jobless workers filed claims for unemployment benefits, a decrease of 1,000 from the previous week’s revised figure of 368,000.

The less volatile four-week moving average was 379,000, down by 5,250 from the previous week’s revised average of 384,250.

However, the percentage of unemployed workers covered by the unemployment compensation insurance program nationwide has also fallen.

The most recent data is for the week ending April 28. The advance seasonally adjusted insured unemployment rate was 2.5 percent then, which marks a decrease of 0.1 percentage point from the prior week’s unrevised rate of 2.6 percent.

The Labor Department reported that the total number of people claiming benefits in all programs for the week ending April 21 was 6,423,383, down by 174,529 from the previous week.

The largest increases in initial claims for the week ending April 28 were in:

• Indiana (+2,294
• Florida (+1,767)
• Illinois (+1,512)
• Pennsylvania (+1,121)
• New Hampshire (+836)

The largest decreases were in:

• New York (-21,258)
• California (-6,790)
• Massachusetts (-2,530)
• Georgia (-2,110)
• Connecticut (-1,708)

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Cairo, Egypt (The Media Line) – After a 2011 that most of the region’s economies would rather forget, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) looks set for more of the same this year as political turmoil continues to weigh on tourism and investment and strains government budgets, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) said.

Its latest forecast for the region, released late on Tuesday, shows economic growth accelerating in 2012 to 4.2% from 3.5% last year, making it one of the only world regions to show faster growth. But otherwise the outlook is not encouraging.

The economies of key countries, such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), are expected to slow from their 2011 pace. Moreover, the region is trailing growth in the world’s emerging and developing economies, which the IMF projects will reach 5.7%. By 2013, the IMF sees the pace of growth falling back to 3.7%.

“We’re talking about the same trends of 2010. Oil-producing countries are benefitting from the high prices and from the domestic stimulus packages they are pursuing, which is reinforcing their growth outlook,” Marwan Barakat, chief economist at Lebanon’s Bank Audi, told The Media Line. “Oil-importing economies are adversely impacted by the regional turmoil. They are reporting low growth rates and for some negative growth rates.”

The economic outlook is unwelcome news for the region’s governments, especially those coping with the Arab Spring unrest unleashed last year. While demands for freedom and democracy were at the forefront of opposition demands, grievances over poverty, high unemployment and rising food prices are widely seen as fueling rebellion. Without renewed economic growth, governments will be hard-pressed to contain further unrest.

In Egypt, where the transition to democracy is proceeding chaotically and the government faces a foreign reserves crisis, economic growth will probably slow to 1.5% this year, according to the IMF. The jobless rate is expected to rise by 1.1 percentage point to 11.5%. While inflation is expected to slow, it will remain a high 9.5%, it says.

The outlook for the region is part of a worldwide forecast, which sees economic growth edging down to 3.5% this year. Even the figure is clouded by a risk that Europe’s financial crisis will reverberate into general economic slowdown. Tensions in the Middle East as sanctions are imposed on Iran pose another threat in the form of a 20% to 30% jump in oil prices.

“When we looked at a scenario in which there was general uncertainty in the Middle East, the oil price went up by roughly 15% for a long time. That is not good. That, we think, would decrease the level of output over two years for the U.S and for Europe by about 1%,” Oliver Blanchard, the IMF’s economic counselor, said an in broadcast interview.

In making its growth projections for MENA, IMF pointed to domestic political unrest, which remains a factor even in countries like Egypt, Tunisia and Libya where rebellions have already ousted long-standing leaders and the movement toward more democratic government has begun. Foreign investment and tourism, two key sources of economic growth, have yet to return.

The depth of the MENA region’s continued turmoil is such that two major countries – Syria and Libya – were not included in the 2012 survey due to insufficient data.

The wealthy oil-exporting countries have avoided unrest, helped by increased government spending for salary hikes, job creation and subsidies. But all across the region, the IMF warned, state spending poses a long-term risk for both rich and poor economies.

Barakat of Audi Bank said, however, that delayed economic reform could be seen as a reasonable price to pay as Arab Spring countries focus on bigger issues that will build the foundations for economic growth later.

“Countries are witnessing economic pressures related to growth forgone — delayed investment, decline in capital inflows and monetary pressures,” he said. “It’s the cost of a transition toward, hopefully, a landscape with better political rights, better government, better institutional frameworks, more efficient economies in the medium to long term.”

Domestic tumult isn’t the only factor harming economic growth. The MENA region through its exports of oil and labor is exposed to the sputtering European economy. The euro zone is likely to contract by 0.3% this year, the only region of the world to show negative growth and will enjoy a tepid recover in 2013, according to IMF projections.

Overall, among MENA oil-importing countries – a group that includes Morocco, Tunisia, Lebanon and Jordan as well as Egypt – gross domestic product will expand 2.2%, not much more than 2011′s 2% pace, the IMF said. Consumer price rises will cool, but not by much, slowing 6.9% from 7.45% in 2011.

The outlook for MENA’s oil exporters is stronger, with GDP growth projected by the IMF at 4.8% this year on the back of higher petroleum prices. But, with the exception of Iraq, most oil-exporting economies will suffer slower growth this year — – Saudi Arabia decelerating from 6.8% in 2011 to 6%, the UAE from 4.9% to 2.3% and Qatar, which enjoyed a massive natural gas boom in 2011, from 18.8% to 6%.

Iran, whose economy is reeling from sanctions imposed by the United Nations and Western powers, is likely to see almost nil growth in 2012. With GDP edging higher by0.4% for the year, according to the IMF, Iran’s unemployment rate is forecast to rise from 15.1% to 16.7% as inflation remains above 21%.

The IMF world growth figures point up the MENA region’s growth problem. Over the last decade, the region’s GDP growth has consistently lagged behind the average for emerging and developing countries even though the region has one of the world’s fastest rates of population growth.

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Washington, DC, United States (AHN) – The U.S. economy created 120,000 new jobs in March, causing the unemployment rate to drop slightly to 8.2 percent, down from 8.3 percent in February, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported Friday.

Nonfarm employment rose in manufacturing, food services and drinking; however, it was down in retail trade.

Although the report was good news, it was not great news. The economy needs to create from 120,000 to 200,000 jobs monthly to keep up with growth in the labor force. Many economists had expected job growth closer to the top of that range.

March growth was less than that of the previous three months, and not sufficient to fuel a recovery in the jobs sector of the economy.

The official number of unemployed persons remained virtually unchanged at 12.7 million, compared to 12.8 in February. However, the percentage of working-age Americans who had a job also dropped slightly to 63.8 percent in March, compared to 63.9 percent in February. Before the recession, 89 percent or more of working-age Americans had a job.

The gap between the percentage of working-age people who have jobs and the official unemployment rate is because people are only counted as unemployed if they actively look for jobs. Many discouraged workers eventually stop looking for jobs.

Long-term unemployment is defined as individuals who are jobless for 27 weeks or more and who continue actively to look for work. That number was essentially unchanged in March at 5.3 million, with those people accounting for 42.5 percent of the unemployed. That number has fallen by 1.4 million since April 2010.

The number of people who were working part-time because their employers cut their hours or because they were unable to find full-time work also fell. That number dropped from 8.1 to 7.7 million people.

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Palestinian Territory David Rosenberg (The Medi – As international donors meet in Brussels on Wednesday, the Palestinian Authority (PA) faces perhaps its biggest economic crisis since the end of the Second Intifada amid slowing growth and a massive government cash crunch.

It is largely the donor nations’ own fault for the crisis. The West Bank’s economy is powered by civil servants’ salaries and other money spent by the PA government, which in turn is reliant on international aid to cover much of its spending. But that assistance, particularly from the Arab countries, has declined.

“The economy has been very much affected by the financial crisis of the PA. The PA has become highly indebted domestically and has a lot of arrears to the private sector as well as to local councils and non-governmental organizations who used to get support from it,” Samir Abdullah, director-general of the Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute, told The Media Line.

The economic malaise threatens to undermine the strategy of diplomacy and good governance that PA President Mahmoud Abbas has built in his quest for a Palestinian state. Talks with Israel have long been stalled and a campaign to seek United Nations’ recognition of the state is at a dead end. Now, the one success Abbas can point to – rapid economic growth – is in jeopardy.

Donor aid for the PA’s current and development budgets last year fell $500 million short of the $1 billion the PA had expected, according to an International Monetary Fund (IMF) report released over the weekend ahead of the donors’ meeting. As a result, the PA delayed paying suppliers and borrowed heavily from local banks.

Unless donor countries come through with more aid, the PA’s fiscal situation looks no better for this year. It faces a similar-sized budget shortfall but no longer has the options of putting off bills or borrowing more from banks, the IMF said. Bank borrowing by the government has already reached $1.1 billion, or the equivalent of 11 percent of gross domestic product, it said.

“There have been a lot of reforms in terms of how things are spent and what things are spent on, but the underlying situation in which the government provides a lot of employment through civil servants and security forces remains… and the money isn’t rolling in,” Paul Rivlin, a senior economic fellow at Tel Aviv University’s Moshe Dayan Center for Middle eastern and North African Studies, told The Media Line.

Rivlin said the PA has reduced corruption but private investors remain reluctant to put money into the economy because of the PA’s uncertain political situation and Israeli restrictions on movement. “They [the PA] have not been able with sufficient success to build up other sectors of the economy and take the strain off the government,” he said.

The PA has some room to control expenses this year by freezing hiring and restraining cost-of-living adjustments to its bloated workforce and can impose stronger controls over development projects, the IMF said. But the Washington-based institution said that would not be enough. “It will be very difficult for the PA to cover the 2012 financing gap through austerity alone, without the prompt pledging and disbursement of additional aid,” it warned.

A poll by Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research (PSR) released on Monday showed the extent to which the financial crisis is hurting Abbas and his prime minister, Salam Fayyad, and how limited his options are for solving it.

The Fayyad government has a 34 percent approval rating, two percentage points lower than for Hamas Prime Minister Ismael Haniyeh in Gaza, according to the survey of 1,270 people taken March 15-17. It was a drop of 10 points from the previous survey conducted three months earlier, PSR said.

“The drop is probably due to anticipated fallout from the PA’s financial crisis and in response to government talk about a tax increase and/or a reduction in the size of the public sector,” PSR said.

Fayyad briefly sought to tackle the deficit with a plan to impose new and high income taxes, but he was forced to backtrack and the PSR poll said he faces a wall of opposition to trying again. The PSR poll found that 48 percent opposed solving the deficit by increasing taxes or forcing some public sector employees to take early retirement.

Meanwhile, the aid shortfall is reverberating through the economy, which is reliant on the wage of public sector workers to feed demand for consumer products and home construction. The IMF estimated that GDP growth slowed to 5.7 percent, a relatively high rate by global standards but by far less than the 9 percent rate the economy was enjoying in 2008 through 2010. The jobless rate in the West Bank is 17 percent even after four years of strong expansion.

Growth has also been weighed down by Israeli checkpoints throughout the West Bank, which were erected to stop terror attacks but have the effect of snarling the movement of people and goods.

Ironically, the Gaza Strip’s economy – while far poorer and more isolated than the West Bank’s – expanded 20 percent last year, the IMF estimated. Its unemployment rate fell to 29 percent last year from 38 percent in 2010. While the Hamas government that rules there independently of the PA has had financial troubles of its own, amid reports that its patron in Iran has cut most or all of its funding, Israel took steps to ease a blockade it imposed on the Mediterranean enclave five years ago.

While Abbas’ Fatah movement-dominated PA and Hamas are pledged to re-forming a national unity government that would rule both Palestinian territories, the two remain bitter rivals. Abbas has presented a strategy of diplomacy with Israel and good government as the route to Palestinian independence while Hamas is committed to Islam and armed struggle.

Even as Abbas’ diplomat track has sputtered, the IMF said in its latest report that the PA under Fayyad has established orderly, transparent and efficient government institutions that in terms of economic policy make it statehood-ready. Israel, however, argues that the PA is not statehood-ready, pointing to the economic crisis that developed last year.

“While the present fiscal crisis was caused by a shortfall in donor aid, there were also deviations in the execution of 2011′s budget,” according to a copy of the report obtained by the Israeli daily Ha’aretz. “The public finance management system’s role in the current crisis may undermine its track record as a system that meets the requirements of a well-functioning state.”

Israel has vociferously opposed Abbas’ statehood drive, saying it undermines the principle of a negotiated solution.

While the West Bank has remained relatively quiet even as unrest has exploded across the Middle East, some analysts predict that frustration over the diplomatic stalemate and the continued expansion of Israeli settlements might provoke renewed violence.

Abdullah agreed. “If there is another Intifada it will come as a response to Israeli settlement activities and provocations in Jerusalem. This might provoke an Intifada,” he said. “But the economic situation is better than five years ago and it will remain in pretty good shape this year.”

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Mbabane, Swaziland (IRIN) – It is 6 a.m. in rural Mliba in central Swaziland, and Melody Thwala and her 7-year-old granddaughter Thandi are busy with their daily task of harvesting wild “umbhidvo” weeds before Thandi goes to school. Thwala will use what they have gathered to make a spinach-like dish to supplement the family’s one daily meal.

“My grandchildren have a meal at school and this is a relief to me. At our home we have only one evening meal,” said Thwala, a widow who lives with her unmarried daughter and four grandchildren.

According to a report by the U.N. Country Team in Swaziland, released on 16 March, a fiscal crisis that started early in 2011 has put an additional strain on poor households like Thwala’s and worsened poverty in a country that already had high rates of unemployment and food insecurity and the highest HIV rate in the world.

The report, based on a November 2011 survey of 1,334 households, found that poor households have had to adopt extreme measures to cope with reduced incomes resulting from job losses and wage cuts, as well as higher food and fuel prices and reduced access to social services. About half of rural households and one third of urban households have cut their number of meals or meal portions and in more than one out of four rural households, meals were skipped for the entire day.

“In rural areas and especially among female-headed households, coping mechanisms are supplemented by other budget management methods, such as gathering of wild food and harvesting immature food,” write the authors, who warn that the crisis threatens to halt or reverse progress Swaziland had made in reaching the Millennium Development Goals in health, education and food security.

Swazis usually eat their “umbhidvo” with maize meal, the national staple food which is grown in almost every garden and farm. But a year of low rainfall reduced the usual yield from Thwala’s maize garden by half and she cannot afford to buy maize meal.

“That is why our meals are one a day,” said Thwala, adding that the family had been forced to sell a cow which had provided them with milk.

Cutting back on food and selling household assets were found to be two common coping mechanisms among households which experienced economic “shocks”, the most common of which were rising food prices and reduced labor income.

“Starting from an already weak situation, food security seems to have deteriorated as households have been coping with the consequences of the fiscal crisis combined with the rising food price,” notes the assessment.

A significant drop in revenue from the Southern African Customs Union in the wake of the global economic slowdown helped precipitate Swaziland’s financial meltdown over the past year, but according to Sibusiso Hlatshwayo, an independent financial consultant in Mbabane, the capital, this was not the only factor.

Vanity projects

“Government’s spending choices on vanity projects that have been criticized by the IMF [International Monetary Fund] have not changed, and the government’s unaffordable public service employee rolls that are the highest in Africa per capita have not been cut back. Secondly, Swaziland’s economy was shrinking long before the global recession; large, decades-old businesses have been relocating from the country and there is no new investment,” he said, adding that the government’s lack of money to pay its suppliers had resulted in small companies going out of business, putting more people out of work.

The financial crisis has also hit social services with grants to the elderly which had helped women like Thwala support their families suspended, and the government no longer paying school fees for many orphaned and vulnerable children, including two of Thwala’s grandchildren.

UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) representative and acting UN resident coordinator in Swaziland Jama Gulaid pointed out that the financial crisis had also led to an acute shortage of fuel for government vehicles. “If vehicles are grounded for lack of fuel, how does one deliver outreach services and or conduct field supervision?” he said.

A spokesperson at the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare confirmed that its officers had had to curtail visits to impoverished households in remote, rural areas.

Children moved to cheaper schools

The report suggests that households living in rural areas have been harder-hit by the crisis than those in urban areas, and that female-headed households and those with members living with HIV were most likely to resort to cutting educational expenditure. Among these households, almost one fifth had withdrawn children from school, and more than 10 percent had moved children to lower quality schools.

Samantha Zwane, a single mother of two children, has held the same job of receptionist for 10 years, but her rare pay increases have not kept up with the ever-escalating costs of food, electricity, bus transport and other supplies.

“I had to choose between moving from a three-room to a two-room flat, even if it meant we would have to all sleep together in a room, or enrolling my daughter and son in a cheaper school. The only flat I could find was far away and it would mean higher commuting costs [so] I had to change the children’s school,” she said.

While the grim economic situation is prompting people to make necessary if painful decisions, so far they are managing to cope. Starvation is not yet a problem although malnutrition is widespread and is leading to an unreported crisis of stunting in children’s growth, according to UNICEF.

“Nutrition is a challenging area for most countries in East and Southern Africa, including Swaziland,” said Gulaid. “Yes, external shocks worsen the situation but there are many contributory factors. We need multiple strategies to address child malnutrition and everyone must do more – the government, households/communities, development partners and the private sector.”

The survey concludes with several recommendations for improving public financial management, increasing employment and setting up social welfare services which would better prepare households for occasional economic downturns.

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– Provided by Integrated Regional Information Networks.

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Washington, DC, United States (AHN) – First-time claims for unemployment were worse than expected, posting an increase of 8,000 claims during the week ending March 3, ending a trend of gradual decline.

That means the unemployment rate is expected to stay unchanged at 8.3 percent.

Last week, 362,000 people filed claims for initial unemployment benefits, compared to 354,000 claims the previous week, the United States Department of Labor reported Thursday.

In addition, 3.4 million people filed for their second week of jobless benefits or more in the week ending Feb. 25, the most recent data available.

Jobless claims are considered a key indicator of the strength of the nation’s job market.

The less volatile four-week moving average was 355,000, up by 250 from the revised average of 354,750 claims for the previous week.

Extended benefits were available in 32 states and the District of Columbia during the week ending Feb. 18, the most recent data available.

Those states were Alabama, Alaska, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, West Virginia and Wisconsin.

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New York, NY, United States (AHN) – Men are at it again. They are buying more–for themselves.

The male shopper, who laid low at the onset of the recession, is back. He is buying more and spending more, and retailers are delighted.

Men are not just purchasing suits, dress shirts, ties and shoes. They are rivaling their female counterparts by loading up on accessories. They are buying bracelets, bags, hats, umbrella, belts, scarves, pocket squares, caps, metal cuffs –you name it.

Some industry forecasters predict sales growth for men’s clothing and accessories during the first three months of 2012 will set a 20-year high.

In a move to make traditional women’s accessories more appealing to men, some designers are giving them manly monikers. A bracelet is dubbed wristwear, and a purse is called a holdall.

Men were well represented at last week’s New York Fashion Week, and male adornments took center stage.

Spending on accessories is driving the men’s category. In the last half of 2011, sales grew 14 percent to about $6 billion, according to market research firm NPD Group. The trend is expected to continue.

The return of the male shopper could help pick up retail sales. And, the rebound in male shopping may also bode well for the unemployment rate. It may reflect an improved jobs picture for men.

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New York, NY, United States (AHN) – Stocks opened sharply higher Friday after the Labor Department reported the U.S. economy created jobs at the fastest pace in nine months.

Shortly after the opening bell on Wall Street, the Dow Jones Industrial Average soared 113 points, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index rose 12 points and the NASDAQ jumped 28 points.

Oil was up 64 cents to $97.13, and gold was lower by $7, last trading at $1,752.50 a troy ounce.

The Labor Department reported that nonfarm payrolls jumped by 243,000 in January, the most since April, and far exceeding economists’ expectations of a gain of just 150,000.

The strong jobs reports put the unemployment rate to a near three-year low of 8.3 percent and buoyed investor sentiment.

Market watchers will also be watching the big game Sunday. For the past 36 of 45 Super Bowls, the stock market has gone up after a win by an original National Football League team, one that traces its roots to before the merger with the American Football League, and gone down when the AFL (or newer team) is victorious.

So, Wall Street wants the Giants to win the Super Bowl.

The measure has an 80 percent accuracy rate based on the Dow Jones Industrial Averages’ annual performance.

There is not any science to it, but it is still as reliable as it gets for stock forecasting.

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Kathmandu, Nepal (AHN) – Hundreds of Nepalese Gurkha soldiers are expected to lose their jobs in the British army in the defense ministry’s latest round of reduction in military strength.

“As part of further work on defense restructuring the British Army has announced today (17 January 2012) the arrangements for a second phase of Army redundancies,” a statement released by the British Embassy in Kathmandu said.

Around 400 Gurkhas are expected to be made redundant out of the 2,900 positions to be cut.

The Brigade of Gurkhas in the British Army has 3,740 soldiers. They have been the part of the British army for almost 200 years.

The defense review, which was published in 2010, demanded 7,000 job losses, but that figure more than doubled last year as the Ministry of Defense struggled to contain its ballooning budget. The ministry argues that the Gurkha brigade has grown too big in recent years, and is bound to face further cuts.

Opponents of the reduction say the soldiers, who are recruited from Nepal, are an easy target. A “Save the Gurkha” petition has been launched by the same group that fought successfully for the Gurkhas to have the same rights as other soldiers.

The Brigade of Gurkhas has been growing in size since modernization in 2007, which also allowed them to serve for 22 years instead of 15.

According to the British media, around 140 Gurkhas lost their jobs in the first wave of defense cuts last year.

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DC, Washington, United States (AHN) – The U.S. Conference of Mayors wrapped up its winter meeting Friday in Washington, D.C., with Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel stepping into controversies on same sex marriage and education.

Emanuel joined about 80 other mayors from across the nation in endorsing laws to give legal recognition to same sex marriage, along with the tax breaks and other benefits spouses can share.

The mayors signed on to a statement that said, “Our cities derive great strength from their diversity and gay and lesbian families are a crucial part. Studies have shown what we know through our hands-on experience that cities that celebrate and cultivate diversity are the places where creativity and ideas thrive.”

Emanuel supported the Illinois Legislature’s effort last year to legalize civil unions for same-sex couples.

He said New York did “a good thing” last June when state lawmakers legalized gay marriage.

In separate comments Friday, Emanuel discussed his plan to turn Chicago’s community colleges into training institutions for the city’s employers.

Currently, Chicago’s City Colleges have a graduation rate of about 7 percent and job prospects for graduates that are “not as high,” Emanuel said.

His plan calls for each of the city’s seven community colleges to operate with specialties, such as health care, transportation, hospitality and manufacturing.

In addition, employers would be brought in to develop curricula that would train the students to become their employees.

“I want it to have economic value” to attend college, Emanuel said at the downtown Washington hotel where about 250 mayors were meeting.

Turning colleges into job training institutions is controversial among some academics, who say a well-rounded education requires liberal arts courses that include literature, history and the arts.

Nevertheless, job creation and recovery from the economic disaster of the Great Recession were dominant themes throughout the meeting this week.

The U.S. Conference of Mayors released a report that said the nation’s metropolitan areas will struggle for five more years to regain jobs lost during the recession that started in September 2008.

“The recovery is very uneven across U.S. regions, with the southeastern and southwestern metro [areas that] were the most affected by the housing bubble looking ahead to years of recovery,” the report says.

U.S. nonfarm payrolls will grow about 1.3 percent this year, which is unlikely to reduce the unemployment rate below 8 percent, according to a report by IHS Global Insight.

The report predicts the nation will regain nearly half the jobs lost during the Great Recession by the end of 2012.

The mayors used the economic report to try to prod Congress to approve legislation that would create more jobs.

Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, president of the Conference of Mayors, said “Congress has jumped ship” in its obligation to stimulate the economy and employment.

However, Villaraigosa acknowledged cities will have a hard time squeezing money out of Congress at a time the federal government is trying to reduce its deficit by cutting spending.

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